Typologies of tourist

Typologies of tourist

1.       Explorer

2.       Elite

3.       Off beat

4.       Unusual

5.       Incipient mass

6.       Mass

7.       Charter

Typology by Stanley

1.       Allocentric tourist

2.       Psychocentric tourist

3.       Mid centric

4.       Near psychocentrics

5.       Near allocentries

Types

1.       On the basis of size

a.       Mass tourist

b.      Controlled tourist

c.       Elite tourist

2.       On the basis of objective

a.       Pleasure/holiday related tourist

b.      Adventure tourist

c.       Health related tourist

d.      Tourist related with visiting relatives and griends

e.      Religious tourist

f.        Business related tourist

g.       Tourist related with convention and meeting

3.       On the basis of destination

a.       Domestic tourist

b.      International tourist

c.       Inbound tourist outbound tourist

Types by WTO

1.       Holiday tourist

2.       Business tourist

3.       Health tourist

4.       Study tourist

5.       Mission/meeting tourist

6.       Family tourist

7.       Religious tourist

8.       Sports tourist

Nature of tourism

1.       Tourism is a service oriented industry

2.       Tourism is an intangible non material product

3.       Tourism is the combination of economic measurable and non economic/non-measurable

4.       Tourism is made of several industries.

5.       Tourism product does not mobe to the customer but the customer needs to move to the product

6.       Tourism is the most luxurious concept

7.       Tourism is the parasite industry

8.       Every citizen of a destination place is related with tourism in any sense.

9.       Diversification towards the motivation of tourism

10.   Demand of tourism is unstable

Impacts of rural tourism

1.       Positive impact

2.       Negative impact

Transportation

1.       Surface transportation

a.       Road transportation

                                                               i.      Tourist coach

                                                             ii.      Tourist cars

b.      Rail transportation

2.       Water transportation

3.       Air transportation

4.       Amenities

Features which enable a visitor to enjoy various attractions and which draw him/her to a country and for the use of which he/she normally has to pay these refer to recreational and entertainment programmers, cultural and art centers, hotels, restaurants, transportation services, etc.

1.       Natural amenities

2.       Man made amenities

Components of Tourism

1.       Attraction

2.       Accommodation

3.       Accessibility/transportation

4.       Amenities’

Others aspects of attraction of tourism

1.       Cultural aspects

2.       Entertainment

3.       Scene

4.       Tradition

5.       Other attractions

Due to the point of destination management , the attractions are of two types

1.       Original attractions

2.       Purpose made attractions

Basically they are of two types

1.       Natural attractions

a.       Bio diversity

b.      Flora and fauna

c.       Mountains and valleys

d.      National parks

e.      Caves, George, natural view, rock formations, geological importance

f.        Sea and beaches

g.       Geyser and hot spring.       

2.       Man made attractions

Accommodation

Accommodation is the matrix of tourism, and is thus the obvious choice to play a distinctive role in the development of this expanding industry.” A.K Bhatta

Accommodation is either hotel or other establishments at which sleeping accommodation is provided by way of trade and business.

Types of accommodation

1.       Serviced accommodation

a.       International hotels

b.      Resorts hotels

                                                               i.      All season resort

                                                             ii.      Summer resort

                                                            iii.      Winter resort

                                                           iv.      Warm winter resort

                                                             v.      Jungle resort

                                                           vi.      Village resort

c.       Commercial hotels

d.      Residential hotels

e.      Floating hotels

f.        Heritage hotels

2.       Supplementary or self catering accommodation

a.       Motels

b.      Tourist holiday village

c.       Bed and breakfast establishments

d.      Caravan and camping sites

e.      Youth hostel

f.        Pension

The tourist & Tourism

The tourist is the sum total of operations, mainly of an economic nature, which directly related to the entry, stay and movement of foreigner inside and outside a certain country, city or region.

Tourism is the temporary short term movement of people to destination, outside the place where they normally live and work and their activities during the stay at the destination.

Tourism comprises the activities of the persons travelling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other persons.

Tourism is the sum of the phenomena and relationships arising from the travel and stay of non residents, in so far as they do not dead to permanent and are not connected with any earning activity.

Characteristics of Tourism

Conceptually there are five main characteristics of tourism

1.       Because of it’s complexity tourism is an amalgams of phenomena and relationships, rather than a single one.

2.       These phenomena and relationships arise from a movement of people to, and their stay in, various destinations and in this there is a dynamic element-the journey and a static element the stay.

3.       The journey and stay are to and in destinations outside the normal place of residence and work, so that tourism gives rise to activities which are distinct from those of the resident and working population of the places through which tourists travel and in which they stay.

4.       The movement to the destinations is of a temporary, short term character with intention to return within a few days, weeks, or months.

5.       Destinations are visited for purpose not connected with paid work that is not to take up employment and not for business or vocational reasons.

Perspective of Tourism

1.       The Tourist

a.       the tourist seeks carious psychic and physical experiences and satisfaction. The nature of these will largely the destinations chosen and the activities enjoyed.

2.       Service provider business people

a.       Business people see tourism as an oppertunity to make a profit by supplying the goods and services that the tourist market demand.

3.       The government of host community or area

a.       Politicians  view tourism as wealth factor in the economy of their juridictions. Their perspective is related to the incomes their citizen can earn from their business. Politicians also consider the forign exchange receipts fron international tourism as well as the tax receipts collected from the tourist expenditures, either directly or indirectly. The government can play an important role in tourism policy, development, promotion and implementation.

4.       The host community

a.       Local people usually see tourism as a cultural and employment factor of importance to this group, for example is the effect of the interaction between large numbers of international visitors and residents. This effect may be beneficiall or harmful, or both.

Main reason of Nepal for all season tourism

1.       Geographical diversity

2.       Biotic diversity

3.       Cultural diversity

4.       Climatic diversity

5.       Religious diversity

6.       Banji jump and Manoming

7.       Rural Home stay

8.       Jungle safari and rafting

9.       Mountain tour

Main Himalayas as a heritage of nepal

1.       Kanchanjangha Himal

2.       Kumbhakarna Himal

3.       Khumbu Himal

4.       Jugal Himal

5.       Rolwaling Himal

6.       Langtang Himal

7.       Ganesh Himal’

8.       Gorkha Himal

9.       Annapurna Himal

10.    Manang Himal

11.    Kustang Himal

12.    Dhawalagiri Himal

13.    Kanjirowa Himal

14.    Saipal and Byas Rishi Himal

Characteristics of eco-tourism

1.       Possession of an environmental ethnic

2.       Willingness to not to degrade the resource

3.       Focus on intrinsic rather than extrinsic motivation.

4.       Aiming to benefit wild life and the environment

5.       Straving for the airst hard experience with the natural environment

6.       Minimize the negetive impacts of natural area by generating eco-benefit for the host communities organization and authorities managing natural resources with conservation purpose

7.       Providing alternative employment and income oppertunity for local community

8.       Increasinf awareness towards the conservetion of natural and cultural aspects, both among the local people and tourist.

Some principle of eco-tourism

1.       Avoid all negative impacts for natural resources

2.       Educate and make sincere about the conservation of natural resources and nature

3.       Give emphasis on the needs of planning and sustainable development of tourism industries.

4.       Stress use of locality owned facility and services.

5.       Minimize the use of non-renewable energy sources where at the time of travelling

6.       Guidelines to achieve the goal

7.       To consume the biological diversity

8.       To promote the sustainable use of biological diversity

9.       To share the benefits of eco-tourism equally base the local communities.

Market segmentation

Market segmentation is the development and pursuit of marketing programs directed at sub groups or segments of the population that the organization could possibly serve.

Market segmentation is the act of dividing a market into distinct groups of buyers who might require separate products and or marketing mixes.

Basic Factors of Tourism Planning

1.       marketing planning

2.       Price planning

3.       Promotion planning

4.       Product planning

5.       Consumer planning

6.       Informational technology

7.       Enviromental analysis

Human resource planning

Stakeholder of tourism

1.       पर्यटन ब्यबसायीहरु

2.       यातायात ब्यबसायीहरु

3.       ट्राभल एजेन्सीहरु

4.       पर्यटकीय स्थलकाजनताहरु

5.       वातावरणबिदहरु

6.       वायु सेवा निगम हरु

7.       संचार एजेन्सीहरु

8.       पर्यटन विकास बोर्ड

9.       सहजकर्ता तथा पथ प्रदर्शकहरु

10.    होटेल ब्यबसायीहरु

11.    नीति निर्माताहरु

Historical heritage/sites of Nepal

1.       Kathmandu

2.       Pashupatinath mandir

3.       Swoyambhu stupa

4.       Budhanilkantha

5.       Dakshinkali

6.       Bauddha Nath

7.       Bagbhairab mandir

8.       Jalbinayak

9.       Shes Narayan

10.    Lalitpur

11.    Bhaktapur